FORMAL PUBLICATIONS
Research & Articles
Historical investigation, engineering comparisons, and technical documentation—designed for careful reading and lasting reference.
This is the home for evidence-led writing on the architecture and evolution of portable computers, with a particular focus on Apple laptops from 2001 through 2025.
CURRENT RESEARCH PROGRAM
Apple laptop architecture: 2001–2025
A connected investigation covering architectural transitions, system design, the role of individual components, and the engineering changes visible across generations of hardware.
HISTORICAL STUDY
The PowerPC years
Early Apple portable systems and the technical context surrounding their design.
ARCHITECTURAL STUDY
Architecture and system pathways
Power, clocking, data movement, graphics, I/O, memory, and related subsystems.
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Transitions in laptop engineering
From PowerPC to Intel and into Apple's integrated silicon era.